ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Verificar associação da prevalência da baixa estatura corporal e excesso de peso com a experiência de cárie dentária em crianças e adolescentes, matriculados no ensino fundamental e da rede pública de ensino. Métodos: Estudo transversal observacional, aprovado com o Parecer nº 197/2012 do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa e assinatura dos termos de consentimento e assentimento livres e esclarecidos das 1.090 crianças e adolescentes, entre cinco e dezessete anos da rede pública de ensino em Barcelos, AM. Foram avaliados os índices antropométricos estatura corporal para idade, índice de massa corporal para idade, em valores de escore-Z, comparados ao padrão de referência da OMS Considerou-se como variável dependente as duas variáveis dicotômicas baixa estatura corporal e excesso de peso, e considerou-se como variáveis independentes faixa etária, sexo, tipo de escola e cárie dentária. Foi utilizado o modelo de Regressão Logística, com Intervalo de confiança de 95%, sendo ajustado com entrada de variáveis passo a passo, para análise de associação das variáveis de desfechos com as variáveis explicativas. Resultados:A prevalência de baixa estatura corporal foi de 4,9% e o excesso de peso estava presente em 17,9% dos estudantes. Os adolescentes apresentaram 1,57 vezes mais chance de possuir excesso de peso do que as crianças (p = 0,046). Não foi encontrado associação entre os estudantes com baixa de estatura corporale cárie dentária (p = 0,22), no entanto, através do modelo de regressão logística (setpwise) p < 0,05 os estudantes com excesso de peso apresentaram (p = 0,008) com a cárie dentária. Conclusão: O excesso de peso foi o problema nutricional de maior prevalência, e os estudantes com experiência de cárie apresentaram menor chance de ter excesso de peso do que os livres de cárie.
Aim: To verify the association between the prevalence of low body height and excess weight with the experience of dental caries in children and adolescents registered in the public elementary school system. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study, approved by the Research Ethics Committee, Opinion No. 197/2012. Participants and guardians signed a free and informed consent forms for the 1,090 children and adolescents, between five and seventeen years of age, from the public school system in Barcelos, AM, Brazil. Anthropometric indices for height-for-age and body mass index for age were measured in Z score values and compared with the reference standard set by the World Health Organization (WHO). This study considered the two dichotomous variables of low body height and excess weight to be dependent variables, and considered the variables of age group, sex, type of school, and dental caries as to be independent variables. A Logistic Regression model was applied, with a confidence interval (CI) of 95%, adjusted with stepwise variable entry for the analysis of the association of the outcome variables with the explanatory variables. Results: A low body height prevalence of 4.9% was found, and the excess weight was present in 17.9% of the students. Adolescents showed 1.57 times greater chances of having excess weight than children (p = 0.046). No association was found between students with low body height and dental caries (p = 0.22); however, through the logistic regression model (stepwise), p < 0.05 overweight students presented (p = 0.008) dental caries. Conclusion: The most prevalent nutritional problem found was excess weight, and students who experienced dental caries showed fewer chances of having excess weight than those who were free of caries.
Subject(s)
Child , Adolescent , Students , Body Height , Body Mass Index , Child , Adolescent , Dental Caries , Overweight , Anthropometry , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the epidemiological profile for dental caries in primary school students in the public education system in Barcelos, as well as to verify its association with the visual acuity assessed. Methods: This is an observational and cross-sectional study of 1,102 students aged 6 to 17 registered in primary school in the public education system. The evaluation of dental caries complies with the method informed by the World Health Organization, on the school patio in natural light and were carried out by a previously calibrated team (Kappa inter-rater from 0.70 to 0.89). Visual acuity was assessed using the Snellen optometric scale. For the analysis, when the normality hypothesis was accepted by means of the Shapiro-Wilk test, average and standard deviation (SD) were calculated and the parametric tests t-student and Analysis of Variance ANOVA were applied. When the normality hypothesis was rejected Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Waliis non-parametric tests were applied. For the analysis of categorical variables, the Pearson chi-square test was applied. Results: 1,102 students took part in the tests, of whom 556 (50.5%) were male. The prevalence of dental caries found was 72.1% in students aged 6 to 11 and 65.7% in students aged 12 to 17. The study found an association between Visual Acuity (<0.8) and dental caries in students aged 6 to 11 (p=0.023), and between females and dental caries in students aged 12 to 17 (p=0.025). Conclusion: This study suggests the need for wider oral health coverage in the town of Barcelos in order to provide better access to children and adolescents to restoration treatments so as to prevent the worsening of oral health conditions. Health promotion actions for awareness and the prevention of dental caries must be created taking into account the risk factors found in Barcelos
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Health Profile , Visual Acuity , DMF Index , Dental Caries/epidemiology , Health Promotion , StudentsABSTRACT
Objetivo: Avaliar a deficiência na acuidade visual e sua associação com o desempenho escolar em escolares. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com 1.050 estudantes entre 05 e 17 anos de idade, da rede pública de ensino de Barcelos, Amazonas. O exame foi realizado na própria escola e com o auxílio da Escala optométrica de Snellen. Resultados: Dos 1.050 estudantes submetidos ao exame, 526 (50,1%) pertenciam ao sexo feminino. A frequência para baixa acuidade foi de 6,3% (66/1050). Entre os alunos avaliados, não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa em nível de 5% para acuidade visual e desempenho escolar (p = 0,223). Conclusão: O estudo indicou baixa frequência para déficit visual nos estudantes da rede pública de ensino de Barcelos - AM. Apesar disso, aconselha-se a realização de ações voltadas à saúde ocular em toda rede pública de ensino, visando à prevenção e o tratamento precoce desses estudantes.